Five myths of retirement investing
When investing for retirement, it sometimes seems there are as many myths afoot as there are realities.
Ellen Rinaldi, who leads Vanguard’s Investment Counseling & Research group, offered some observations to help investors overcome a few common myths and help achieve their long-term goals.
Myth #1: It’s too late for me to start saving for retirement
This myth can lead to inaction—whereas the reality is that it’s never too late to start saving.
Of course, the best strategy is to start saving early, because $10,000 saved in your 20s or 30s is going to be worth a lot more when you are age 65 than $10,000 saved in your 40s or 50s. But no matter where you are in life, you’ll benefit from putting your money to work for you now.
As Ms. Rinaldi explained, “The first thing to do is to maximize the contributions you make to your 401(k) plan, if you have one, and to make sure you are getting the full employer match. Second, look at a traditional IRA or a Roth IRA as a supplement. Finally, if you are age 50 or over, take advantage of the catch-up contributions that are available to you—they can help you boost your savings in a dramatic way.”
Myth #2: I got a late start, so I’ll invest aggressively to compensate
With this approach, you’re trying to make up for lost time, but it may expose your savings unnecessarily to dramatic ups and downs in the market.
If stock markets drop precipitously, say, when you’re age 58, you may find yourself with insufficient savings, and you may have to work longer, save more, or spend less when you do retire.
Myth #3: My retirement savings need to last only 10 or 20 years
The pitfall of believing this myth is that it might cause you to run out of money.
Life expectancy tables tell us that for every 65-year-old couple, there’s a 72% chance that at least one will live to age 85, and an almost 20% chance that one will live to age 95. “Today, you have to plan on your retirement income lasting 25 or 30 years, not 10,” said Ms. Rinaldi. Consider an investment strategy designed for asset growth and for an income stream.
Myth #4: I need a dozen or more funds for my portfolio to be diversified
Diversification is a good way to spread your risk, reducing the impact of a steep downturn in any one asset class or market sector. The danger here lies in misinterpreting diversification.
“For lots of people, holding either a target retirement fund—which is actually a basket of mutual funds—or a combination of a total stock market index fund and a total bond market index fund will provide all the diversification they need,” said Ms. Rinaldi. “You don’t need to hold a lot of funds to be diversified, if the funds you do hold are well-diversified themselves.”
Myth #5: When I retire I should move out of stocks
This myth also can put you at risk of outliving your money.
“If an investor moves completely out of equities into bonds, this may allow inflation to eat up more of their return, because they’re removing the potential for greater growth from their portfolio,” said Ms. Rinaldi. Over long periods, returns from an all-bond portfolio are likely to be more modest and may not keep pace with inflation.
“Holding a well-diversified portfolio is key,” said Ms. Rinaldi.
Notes
- Mutual funds, like all investments, are subject to risk.
- Investments in bonds are subject to interest rate, credit, and inflation risk.
- Target retirement funds are subject to the risks associated with their underlying funds.
- Diversification does not ensure a profit or protect against losses in a declining market.
- We recommend that you consult an independent tax advisor for specific information about your individual situation.